The highest performance EVM L1 blockchain.
Understand Monad in 60 seconds
Reconstructed EVM
Redesigned EVM from scratch
Monad has redesigned Ethereum's consensus and execution system in C++, achieving high performance while maintaining full compatibility with EVM bytecode and Ethereum RPC API.
How is Monad achieved?
To address bottlenecks in EVM execution and enhance blockchain scalability, Monad introduces a fully customized tech stack, focusing on parallel processing and efficient state management.
The following four key architectural innovations aim to address the limitations of existing Ethereum-compatible blockchains:
Optimistic Parallel Execution: Monad executes multiple transactions simultaneously, assuming the initial state remains consistent, thereby increasing throughput. Consistency is ensured by re-executing transactions with conflicting inputs.
MonadBFT Consensus Mechanism: A Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism based on HotStuff, reducing the communication phase from three rounds to two, advancing rounds based on actual network latency to enhance performance. This consensus mechanism requires only moderate hardware, allowing anyone to easily run a node.
Asynchronous Execution (Deferred Execution): By decoupling consensus from execution, Monad allows the entire block time to be used for transaction processing rather than interleaving execution during the consensus process, significantly increasing the network's computational bandwidth.
MonadDB Database: A custom state database optimized for EVM storage patterns. Unlike traditional databases, MonadDB directly stores Merkle Patricia Trie structures on disk, reducing overhead and achieving efficient parallel state access.
What is Monad?
The highest performance EVM L1 blockchain
Monad offers a key combination of performance, portability, and decentralization.
High Performance: Achieves 10,000 transactions per second (TPS), 1-second block time, and single-slot finality.
Portability: Monad is 100% EVM compatible.
Decentralization: Monad nodes have low hardware requirements to ensure the network remains decentralized.
Seamless onboarding, exceptional scalability
Monad is 100% EVM compatible, with gas fees nearly zero. You can use the same tools, applications, libraries, and address space, enjoying revolutionary performance improvements and cost reductions!
Why choose Monad?
Why develop on Monad
Achieve 1000 times Ethereum performance in under 5 minutes: Monad is fully EVM compatible, enabling rapid integration with existing architectures.
The power of community support: We firmly believe that the community is the strongest engine for growth. Deploying on Monad allows you to leap from 0 to 1 in an instant.
Decentralization and censorship resistance: Security and decentralization are crucial. We never compromise these core values while ensuring high scalability.
Born for large-scale applications: Gas fees below one cent and high throughput mean that Monad can easily handle your traffic needs as users grow rapidly.
The "why" behind Monad's design
Why Monad positions itself as an EVM public chain
Monad chooses a Layer-1 blockchain architecture to optimize every aspect of the tech stack, achieving the three core goals of decentralization, high performance, and low cost.
As a Layer-1 blockchain, it requires a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus mechanism that keeps globally distributed nodes in sync even when some nodes exhibit malicious behavior. The consensus mechanism allows nodes to check each other and collectively validate new blocks. While building Layer-2 is simpler in many ways, it significantly impacts the blockchain's decentralization and censorship resistance.
As a Layer-1 blockchain, Monad can optimize and coordinate various aspects of the stack. The consensus and execution mechanisms (and the interaction logic between the two) are built from the ground up.
For an in-depth discussion on this topic, see: Monad vs. Rollups
Why EVM compatibility is important
Monad embraces EVM compatibility because the Ethereum ecosystem has strong network effects. EVM is the mainstream smart contract standard, with most existing dApps, developer tools, and research focused in this environment, holding over 90% of on-chain capital. The EVM developer community has the strongest and most active talent in the blockchain space.
Monad allows developers to build applications without having to choose between performance and portability. Developers can create applications for Monad, enjoying the advantages of high performance and low fees while ensuring broad compatibility of their code across most major ecosystems.
Why Monad is the best choice for large-scale applications
Monad's architecture focuses on native decentralization and scalability, ensuring it can unlock new possibilities for blockchain development. Monad's mission is to support large-scale decentralized applications with minimal hardware requirements while remaining fully compatible with Ethereum. This dual focus—providing high performance and decentralization—will create new opportunities for dApp developers and set new standards for blockchain infrastructure.
Monad's L1 design aims to address the core limitations of blockchain scalability while maintaining alignment with the Ethereum developer community and future research without sacrificing decentralization. This architecture provides a different path from Rollups, demonstrating that foundational improvements to the L1 layer are equally crucial for scaling decentralized networks.
Community and large-scale applications
Community as a superpower
Community as a catalyst for large-scale applications
At the core of decentralization is returning power to ordinary people, and the community is the superpower in the crypto space.
This is particularly evident in the Monad ecosystem. The Monad community is filled with passion, creativity, and vitality:
Community members act as evangelists and early adopters, providing critical feedback and moral support to developers. The Monad community serves as a powerful growth engine, helping developers make the leap from 0 to 1.
Further reading: Community Marketing for Monad Native Applications
Community as a growth catalyst
Monad's strategy is simple and effective: the size and engagement of the community directly drive the dissemination of information. Unlike traditional blockchain projects that treat marketing and community separately, Monad tightly integrates the two, ensuring that every marketing effort builds and nurtures the Monad community.
Advantages of Monad's community-centric model
- Provides developers with an instant user base
- Teams building on Monad can access a large and active user community eager to adopt new applications. This reduces the need for extensive external marketing, allowing developers to focus on creating impactful products.
- Direct interaction without intermediaries
- Monad enables application teams to interact directly with users, fostering genuine relationships and enhancing user loyalty. This direct access simplifies the feedback process and accelerates product improvements.
- Avoids superficial collaborations
- Traditional co-marketing often involves surface-level collaborations aimed at completing tasks rather than genuine engagement. Monad shifts the focus to meaningful community interactions, ensuring that collaborations deliver real value rather than just symbolic gestures. /aside>
Why Monad's success is inevitable
Breaking the blockchain trilemma
One of the main challenges facing the blockchain space is achieving scalability without sacrificing security or decentralization. Current EVM-compatible blockchains (including Ethereum) have limitations in transaction throughput and state access, failing to meet the demands of future global-scale applications.
Focus on convenient access for developing talent
Monad's commitment to EVM compatibility is a strategic advantage that cannot be overlooked. The vast majority of blockchain developers are already familiar with Solidity and the EVM ecosystem. By ensuring a seamless onboarding experience, Monad lowers the entry barrier for developers while fostering a strong, talented, and active developer community. This compatibility accelerates the migration of existing dApps to Monad, enhancing the network's utility and application rate.
Learning from historical experiences to forge a new path
In early blockchain projects, Solana chose to completely rebuild its underlying architecture in pursuit of high performance. While Monad Labs draws from these experiences, it has taken a different approach: innovating breakthroughs while ensuring compatibility with existing standards. It is this balance that allows Monad to enhance performance while fully retaining the advantages of the EVM-based ecosystem, providing a more pragmatic and scalable solution for the large-scale application of blockchain technology.
Documentation and Technical Discussion
While the Monad Wiki section provides a quick overview of Monad, we strongly encourage all developers to consult and explore the technical documentation and discussions to deepen their understanding and knowledge.
Learn more:
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