#Zhou Xiaochuan Discusses Global Debt Risks#

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Zhou Xiaochuan, at the "Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2025," pointed out that global public debt is about to exceed $100 trillion, which will exacerbate external financing costs and currency depreciation pressure for emerging markets and developing countries, and pose challenges to the fiscal sustainability of developed countries. He also emphasized that the impact of digital encrypted assets on global financial stability and security needs to be guarded against, especially in the absence of effective regulation, which may exacerbate systemic financial risks. Zhou Xiaochuan believes that countries need to strengthen cooperation on the regulation of encrypted assets and improve the rules governing digital currency transactions.

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Zhou Xiaochuan, at the "Boao Forum for Asia New Year Outlook 2025" event, pointed out that global public debt is about to exceed $100 trillion, which will bring greater external financing costs and currency depreciation pressure to emerging markets and developing countries, while also posing challenges to the fiscal sustainability of developed countries. He particularly emphasized the need to be vigilant about the impact of digital encrypted assets on global financial stability and security, arguing that in the absence of effective regulation, encrypted assets could exacerbate systemic financial risks. Zhou Xiaochuan called for enhanced international cooperation on the regulation of encrypted assets and the improvement of regulations governing digital currency transactions. The International Monetary Fund (IMF)'s Fiscal Monitor report also pointed out that global public debt levels are already high, and are expected to exceed $100 trillion by the end of 2024, reaching nearly 100% of global GDP by 2030, 10 percentage points higher than before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Global public debt is about to exceed $100 trillion, which will increase external financing costs and currency depreciation pressure for emerging markets and developing countries, and debt poses challenges to the fiscal sustainability of developed countries.

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The impact of digital encrypted assets on global financial stability and financial security needs to be guarded against, especially in the absence of effective regulation, which may increase systemic risks in the financial system.

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Countries need to strengthen cooperation on the regulation of encrypted assets globally and improve the rules of conduct for digital currency transactions.

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The world will face profound changes and challenges in 2025, including continued uncertainty in the international environment, intensified competition among major powers, setbacks in economic globalization, uncertain global economic recovery, reshaping of industrial chains due to trade and technological "decoupling and disconnection", rapid development of general artificial intelligence bringing opportunities and risks, intensifying climate change crisis, and huge challenges to sustainable development.

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