Great AMA by @ TakoProtocol @ Mable_Jiang @Vitalik Buterin Milady's Chinese is already very fluent I wrote my own summary: one Vitalik's definition of a "world computer" is: "a place where applications of the world can operate with each other," rather than "a computer that can simultaneously support every application of the world. Ethereum is not only a digital asset with long-term value storage capabilities (such as Bitcoin), but also an underlying platform that supports global application interoperability. The two are not contradictory. The 'World Computer' is achieved through a highly decentralized and trustworthy L1 (underlying chain) and an L2 (scaling layer) with scalability and specialized features. Completely relying on L1 or L2 is not feasible. The core mission of L1 is to ensure security and network resilience - even if the foundation no longer exists, global developers can still maintain the ecosystem based on open clients and protocols. And L2 carries the mission of performance expansion and scenario innovation, such as high throughput, privacy, or AI model collaboration. The relationship between the two is like the foundation and architecture of a city: L1 ensures geological stability, while L2 allows for free design of form. But the premise of this architecture is that L1 must maintain sufficient throughput capacity, so that any user or application can directly interact with the main network when necessary, while ensuring interoperability and avoiding L2 becoming a closed island. In summary, the ultimate outcome of Ethereum does not require a binary choice between "digital gold" and "world computer". The compatibility between the two is precisely where their unique value lies: Ethereum not only needs to become a decentralized, censorship resistant, and long-term trusted value storage carrier like Bitcoin, but also must serve as the underlying infrastructure to support global application interoperability. Compared to the previous proposal of "L1 as the foundational layer to fully support L2", Vitalik proposed "hybrid L1+L2" in this AMA, which means that L1 also needs to play a certain role, increase bubbles to give L2 more space, and promote interoperability across L2. Based on actual demand, the market will determine which transactions should be in L1 and which transactions should be in L2. two In the past three years, the development of the Rollup route has shown a certain degree of polarization. On the one hand, L2 represented by OP Stack has achieved second level transaction confirmation and MEV control through centralized Sequencer; On the other hand, an architecture that overly relies on the operation of a single team has also raised questions about its censorship resistance and long-term credibility. Vitalik believes that at the technical level, it is necessary to ensure censorship resistance by forcing transactions to be on chain. At the ecological level, Vitalik encourages the exploration of 'dedicated L2'. For example, Aztec implements private transactions through fully homomorphic encryption, Gensyn focuses on distributed AI training, and MegaETH achieves high-performance scenarios of 100000 TPS with a centralized Sequencer - these experiments are essentially answering the question of 'what degree of decentralization is suitable for what application'. three Vitalik has had contact and face-to-face conversations with many community members, and believes that in the future, the Ethereum Foundation needs to focus on supporting public goods, developing technical standards, and maintaining ecological balance, rather than pursuing corporate governance. Corporate governance means pursuing profitability. And Ethereum is a decentralized ecosystem, not a company. If Ethereum becomes a company, it will lose most of its long-term significance. Vitalik does not support a culture of short-term speculation (such as excessive hype in memecoin) and excessive catering to political needs, advocating for creating long-term value and attracting long-term developers. Of course, Vitalik is not completely opposed to memecoins. As early as March last year, he proposed the possible practical uses of memecoins in his article "What else could memecoins be. four In Vitalik's eyes, a good application should meet the real needs of users, have the ability to achieve sustainable profitability, and have social value. The problem with many projects is that they fabricate requirements that do not exist or are difficult to verify, and do not require the anti censorship, verifiable, and collaborative features of blockchain. Some successful products often start with the 'minimum necessary scenario'. A healthy profit model needs to be rooted in real value exchange, such as the collection of Uniswap transaction fees on the financial side, as well as the annual fees and scarce domain auctions of ENS domains on the non-financial side.