The roots of the Indian caste system lie in the fact that ancient India was a low-entropy society.

✅ The Indian caste system is a stable structural state under low-entropy geography + low external enemy pressure + high religious penetration, while China, due to high-entropy shocks + geographical challenges + political turmoil cycles, is destined to require a high-intensity, fluid, unified central power system.

Early Indian society did not experience high-density survival anxiety and emphasized "conforming to nature – being content with one's position." In other words, due to the rarity of external enemies and sufficient food production, even the lowest strata of people would generally not starve. Under this stable state, land would inevitably concentrate in the hands of high-caste individuals, and at this point, the caste system became a long-term stable existence. In other words, this is a low-entropy, low-external-stimulation society, perhaps suitable for a caste system.

In contrast, China is a relatively high-entropy society, with northern nomadic tribes regularly invading, the Yellow River's course requiring significant cooperation, and the north often becoming a battlefield during dynastic cycles. The south developed later and was also influenced by northern people moving south, thus failing to maintain a low-entropy state - for example, after the Song Dynasty unified the north, it quickly unified the south. This necessitated China to adopt a higher-entropy structure - the civil service system.

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