There are very few historical materials from the Yuan Dynasty.

CN
Lanli
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19 hours ago

Historical materials from the Yuan Dynasty are very scarce, which has led to a vague understanding of its rule. It took 20 minutes to help clarify just how poor the governance of the Yuan Dynasty was.

First, the tax collection efficiency was extremely low; the common people bore a burden of 12 million taels, with only about 50% reaching the central government. In contrast, during the Ming Dynasty, the common people bore a burden of 7 to 8 million taels, with 7 million actually entering the treasury. This is a significant difference in efficiency.

Additionally, there was severe racial discrimination in the Yuan Dynasty, with the southern people (originally from the Southern Song) facing a tax burden as high as 50%, which was also considered high historically.

Ultimately, the Mongols and the Semu people (Arabs, Central Asians, people from Xinjiang, Jews, etc.) who assisted Kublai Khan in managing finances lacked the governance experience of the Han people, while the Han officials had relatively weak influence in the Yuan court, leading to the creation of a flawed system.

Thus, the Yuan Dynasty fell within a century. Zhu Yuanzhang's rebellion was not for any other reason but because people could not survive without food.

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