When Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu, it was not yet a unified empire. Apart from the former territories of the Qin Dynasty (Guanzhong + Sichuan), the eastern regions had been divided among various feudal lords.

Afterward, Liu Bang implemented a series of measures to reduce the power of the feudal lords, such as relocating the King of Qi (Shandong, Han Xin) to the former territory of Xiang Yu's Chu (Han Xin's hometown), forcing the Yan state (Beijing) to rebel, which was quickly suppressed. He then used the excuse of Han Xin harboring Zhongli Mei to attack Han Xin (Western Chu), who eventually surrendered and was captured. It can be said that after these steps, the overall situation was basically settled, and the other minor lords were easily dealt with.

The last rebellion was that of Ying Bu, which Liu Bang, at the age of 60 and in poor health, managed to quell. He then made an agreement with his ministers: any king who was not of the Liu family would be jointly attacked by the world. Thus, the unification was completed.

Of course, Liu Bang's replacement of the non-Liu kings with those of the Liu surname eventually led to the Rebellion of the Seven Kings, which was later suppressed. Overall, it can be said that the Central Plains gradually moved towards unification.

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