The reforms of Pahlavi have many similarities with China's reforms:

The labor relations in rural areas changed from the original landlord/tenant model to a collective commune model, and mechanization reduced the demand for labor.

Farmers migrated to cities, becoming new immigrants/workers.

The new immigrants put pressure on the cities, and both old citizens and new immigrants were dissatisfied.

Although the reforms brought about a huge wealth effect, they also led to astonishing corruption.

Traditional forces (Islam) were the most dissatisfied, including women's liberation.

In summary, although this reform was a positive-sum game, the changes were too drastic, and the distribution was too uneven.

In contrast, China's reforms were gradual. The first step was the household contract system in rural areas, but land was not allowed to be bought or sold, and there was also a dual household registration system between urban and rural areas, which greatly limited the passive migration of farmers to cities; essentially, moving to the city was mostly voluntary.

In 1988, the price liberalization led to significant inflation, nearly resulting in a crisis.

In 1997, the state-owned enterprise reform caused workers to be laid off, leading to a high unemployment rate. However, the pain of this unemployment was quickly absorbed by the benefits brought about by joining the WTO.

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